{"id":1760,"date":"2021-09-20T17:05:03","date_gmt":"2021-09-20T13:35:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/irlegrand.ir\/mag\/?p=1760"},"modified":"2021-09-20T17:05:07","modified_gmt":"2021-09-20T13:35:07","slug":"%d8%aa%d8%b3%d8%aa-%d9%81%d9%84%d9%88%da%a9-%da%86%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d8%aa-%d9%81%d9%84%d9%88%da%a9-%d9%be%d8%b1%d9%85%d9%86%d9%86%d8%aa-%db%8c%d8%a7-%da%86%d9%86%d9%84%d8%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/irlegrand.ir\/mag\/%d8%aa%d8%b3%d8%aa-%d9%81%d9%84%d9%88%da%a9-%da%86%db%8c%d8%b3%d8%aa-%d8%aa%d8%b3%d8%aa-%d9%81%d9%84%d9%88%da%a9-%d9%be%d8%b1%d9%85%d9%86%d9%86%d8%aa-%db%8c%d8%a7-%da%86%d9%86%d9%84%d8%9f\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u0686\u06cc\u0633\u062a – \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u067e\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0646\u062a \u06cc\u0627 \u0686\u0646\u0644\u061f"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

\u0627\u06af\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u067e\u06cc\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c \u0633\u0631\u0648\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u0637\u0645\u0626\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647<\/a> \u0628\u0647 \u06af\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u06cc\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0648\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u062f. \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u0631\u0647. \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u06af\u0648\u0646\u0627\u06af\u0648\u0646\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u0634\u062f\u0647. \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0646 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0628\u06cc \u0648 \u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0646 \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0628\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0646. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0637\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0645\u0631 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u06cc \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0637\u0645\u0626\u0646\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0686\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u062c\u0648\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u062e\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u0645\u0647\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0647 \u0686\u0631\u0627\u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u06cc\u06a9 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0647. \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0636\u0631 \u0627\u0632 \u062c\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0648\u0628\u06cc \u0631\u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0633\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u06cc\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0630\u0627\u0631\u0647. \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647\u200c\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u0648 \u0639\u06cc\u0628\u200c\u06cc\u0627\u0628\u06cc \u067e\u0633\u06cc\u0648 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062d\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u0634 \u0630\u062e\u06cc\u0631\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u062a\u0633\u062a<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u06af\u0632\u0646\u0633<\/a> \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646\u062a\u200c\u0646\u0627\u0645\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u06a9\u062a\u0628\u06cc \u067e\u0627\u0633 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u062e\u0648\u062f\u0634 \u0631\u0648 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0647<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u0686\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u061f<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Nominal Velocity of Propagation (NVP)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u062c\u0632\u0626\u06cc \u06af\u0641\u062a\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0648 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a 73% \u0648 \u06cc\u0627 0.72c \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0647. \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0646  0.6c \u062a\u0627 0.9c \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Propagation Delay<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u06cc\u06af\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0646\u06cc\u0627\u0632 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u062a\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0633\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0633\u0647 \u0631\u0648 \u062a\u0627\u062e\u06cc\u0631 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u06af\u0646. \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u062b\u0627\u0646\u06cc\u0647 (ns) \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Wire Map<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u0638\u06cc\u0641\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u0627\u0635\u0644\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0646\u0634\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0633\u06cc\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u0633\u062a. \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0646\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0637\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u062a \u067e\u0633\u06cc\u0648 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u06a9\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646\u060c \u067e\u0686 \u067e\u0646\u0644<\/a> \u0648 \u06a9\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0647\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dc Loop Resistance<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0647\u0633\u062a\u0634. \u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u0634\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632 \u062d\u062f \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0634\u062f\u0647. \u0647\u0631 \u0686\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0633 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0647 \u0639\u062f\u062f\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0646\u0634\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0647 \u0648 \u0647\u0631 \u0686\u06cc \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0633 \u06a9\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0648 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u06cc \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0647\u0645 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Delay Skew<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0632 4 \u0632\u0648\u062c \u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u06a9\u06cc\u0644 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u062c\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f \u06af\u06cc\u06af\u0627\u0628\u06cc\u062a \u0627\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u0647\u0631 4 \u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0647. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u06cc\u06af\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u06cc\u0639\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0648 \u06a9\u0646\u062f\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0646\u0634\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u062f\u0647. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u06cc\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u060c \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0644\u0648\u0635 \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0646\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u06af\u0631\u062f\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Insertion Loos<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u0627\u0646\u0631\u0698\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u06af\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u062a\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0645\u062a \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Return loss<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u06cc\u06af\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0632\u06af\u0634\u062a\u06cc \u0628\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f\u0647 \u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0647 \u0686\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u062e\u06cc\u0644\u06cc \u06a9\u0634\u06cc\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0647 \u0648 \u06cc\u0627 \u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644\u06cc \u062f\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u067e\u06cc\u0634 \u0628\u06cc\u0627\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0633\u06cc\u06af\u0646\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0647\u0634 \u067e\u06cc\u062f\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u06a9\u0646\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

NEXT (Near-End Crosstalk)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0647 \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u0647\u0645 \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0646 \u0632\u0648\u062c\u200c \u0633\u06cc\u0645\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u06cc\u0645\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647. \u0647\u0631\u0686\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u0646 \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0632\u06cc\u0627\u062f\u062a\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0647\u0645 \u0639\u062f\u062f \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634 \u0645\u06cc\u0630\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0639\u06a9\u0633.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062e\u0686\u0647 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u06a9\u0645\u067e\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u0628\u0632\u0631\u06af Danaher \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0633\u0627\u0644 1948 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u062a\u0627\u0633\u06cc\u0633 \u0634\u062f. \u062f\u0631 \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u062d\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9 \u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0646\u06cc \u062a\u0628\u062f\u06cc\u0644 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u0634 \u0647\u0645 \u0645\u062f\u0639\u06cc\u0647 \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0647\u062f\u0627\u0641 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u0634 \u0631\u0633\u06cc\u062f\u0647. \u0645\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f \u0628\u0647 \u0628\u06cc\u0634 \u0627\u0632 120 \u06a9\u0634\u0648\u0631 \u0641\u0631\u0633\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0647. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u062f\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0648 \u0637\u0631\u0627\u062d\u06cc \u062a\u062c\u0647\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062f\u0627\u0632\u0647 \u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc\u060c \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062d\u06cc\u0637 \u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0639\u0644\u0645\u06cc \u060c \u0622\u0645\u0648\u0632\u0634\u06cc \u060c \u0635\u0646\u0639\u062a\u06cc \u0648 \u2026 \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627 \u067e\u06cc\u0634\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0647. \u062f\u0648 \u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u0628\u06cc\u0648\u0645\u062f\u06cc\u06a9\u0627\u0644 \u0648 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u0627\u0632 \u0632\u06cc\u0631\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0647\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u06a9\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0633\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0647\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\u0647 \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0637\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u062a \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u060c \u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644\u200c\u06a9\u0634\u06cc\u060c \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0698 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u060c \u062a\u0639\u06cc\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642 \u0642\u0637\u0639\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0648… \u0631\u0648 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u06cc\u0630\u0627\u0631\u0647. \u062e\u0648\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u067e\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0646\u062a \u0648 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u0686\u0646\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0633\u06cc\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u0686\u0646\u0644<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u062f\u0648 \u0633\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u0648\u0633\u06cc\u0644\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u0627\u0628\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0648\u06a9\u062a \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u0632\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0633\u067e\u0633 \u0628\u0627 \u06cc\u06a9 \u067e\u0686 \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u062f<\/a> \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0633\u062a\u06af\u0627\u0647 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9<\/strong> \u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0646. \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0686\u0646\u0644 \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631\u06cc\u0646 \u0622\u0632\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u062a\u0633\u062a<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u067e\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0646\u062a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u0633\u062a \u067e\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0686\u0646\u0644 \u067e\u06cc\u0686\u06cc\u062f\u0647\u200c\u062a\u0631\u0647 \u0648 \u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u06cc\u0634\u062a\u0631\u06cc \u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u06cc \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0633\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0645\u0626\u0646\u06cc\u0647. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627 \u062f\u0648 \u0633\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0631\u0648 \u06a9\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646<\/a> \u0632\u062f\u0647 \u0648 \u0628\u0647 \u062c\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0686 \u06a9\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0627\u0698\u0648\u0644\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u067e\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u062e\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\"\u062a\u0633\u062a<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u0645\u0632\u0627\u06cc\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u06a9\u062a\u0647 \u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u06cc\u0627 \u0646\u0647 \u06cc\u06a9\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0639\u06cc\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u062a\u0634\u062e\u06cc\u0635 \u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a. \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u06cc\u062f \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0641\u0627\u06a9\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0631\u0648 \u0630\u06a9\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0646. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0644\u06af\u0631\u0627\u0646\u062f<\/a> \u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u062f\u06cc \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0646\u0633\u0648\u06cc\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9<\/strong> \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647. \u0647\u0645\u0686\u0646\u06cc\u0646 \u062f\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u06af\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u0627\u062f \u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u062e\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0647. \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0632 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u06cc \u062c\u0644\u0648\u06af\u06cc\u0631\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0647 \u0648 \u0647\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u0635\u0648\u0631\u062a \u0628\u0631\u0648\u0632 \u0645\u0634\u06a9\u0644 \u062f\u0631 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u06cc\u0635 \u0627\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0633\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u0645\u06a9 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0631<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u06af\u0631\u0686\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0632 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u06cc\u062c \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u06cc\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0627 \u0645\u06cc\u0630\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0627\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u06cc \u0645\u0627 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0647\u06cc\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0634 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0646\u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0637\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0646\u06a9\u0627\u062a\u06cc \u0631\u0648 \u0645\u062f\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u062f. \u0628\u0639\u0636\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0646\u06a9\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062a\u200c\u0627\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0632:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

  • \u0628\u0647 \u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u0637\u0648\u0631\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0647\u06cc\u0686\u200c\u06af\u0648\u0646\u0647 \u067e\u0627\u0631\u06af\u06cc \u0648 \u067e\u06cc\u0686 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f\u06af\u06cc \u0646\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0647.<\/li>
  • \u0645\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0647 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0631\u0631\u0633\u06cc \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u0637\u0645\u0626\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u06cc\u0645 \u06a9\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u062f\u0631\u0633\u062a\u06cc \u0648\u0635\u0644 \u0634\u062f\u0647.<\/li>
  • \u0627\u06af\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647\u200c\u062e\u0648\u0628\u06cc \u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0646\u0634\u062f\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0647\u060c \u0631\u0648\u06cc \u062a\u0644\u0648\u06cc\u0632\u06cc\u0648\u0646 \u067e\u06cc\u0627\u0645\u06cc \u0646\u0634\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0647 \u06a9\u0647 \u0646\u0634\u0648\u0646\u200c\u062f\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0647. \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0637\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u06cc\u062d \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u0646\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0638\u06cc\u0641\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u067e\u06cc\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u062e\u0648\u062f\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    \u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0622\u062e\u0631<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    \u062f\u0631 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0627 \u0633\u0639\u06cc \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u0645 \u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u0648 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0622\u0646 \u0635\u062d\u0628\u062a \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u0645. \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0628\u0647 \u062f\u0644\u06cc\u0644 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0648 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0637\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u062f\u0646\u0634 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647\u200c\u06cc \u06af\u0633\u062a\u0631\u062f\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647. \u062f\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0647\u0631 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c\u0627\u06cc \u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u06cc\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0631\u0648 \u062f\u0627\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0647 \u06a9\u06cc\u0641\u06cc\u062a \u062e\u0648\u0628\u06cc \u062f\u0627\u0631\u0647 \u0648 \u0645\u06cc\u200c\u062a\u0648\u0646\u06cc\u062f \u0628\u0627 \u062e\u06cc\u0627\u0644 \u0631\u0627\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0632\u0634 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0646\u06cc\u062f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u0686\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u061f<\/strong>

    \u0631\u0648\u0634\u06cc \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u0637\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0632 \u0635\u062d\u062a \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u06a9\u0634\u06cc \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0627\u0633\u062a \u06a9\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\u00a0 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0631 \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u0627\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u06cc\u0634\u0647.<\/p> <\/div>

    \u0686\u0646\u062f \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0627\u0631\u062f\u061f<\/strong>

    \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u0686\u0646\u0644 – \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u067e\u0631\u0645\u0646\u0646\u062a<\/p> <\/div>

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    \u062a\u0633\u062a \u0641\u0644\u0648\u06a9 \u0686\u0646\u0644<\/p> <\/div> <\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u0627\u06af\u0647 \u0628\u0627 \u0627\u06cc\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0648 \u06a9\u0627\u0645\u067e\u06cc\u0648\u062a\u0631 \u0648 \u0633\u0627\u06cc\u0631 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647\u200c \u0633\u0631\u0648\u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0627\u0631\u06cc\u062f \u0645\u0637\u0645\u0626\u0646\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u0645 \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u06af\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u062e\u0648\u0631\u062f\u0647 \u06cc\u0627 \u062d\u062a\u06cc \u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0648\u0646\u200c\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u06a9\u0631\u062f\u06cc\u062f. \u06a9\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u06cc \u0627\u06cc\u062c\u0627\u062f \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u06cc\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u062c\u0647\u06cc\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0628\u06a9\u0647 \u0628\u0647 \u06a9\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u06cc\u0631\u0647. 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content=\"1351\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"650\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"\u0627\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\u0646\u0648\u0634\u062a\u0647 \u0634\u062f\u0647 \u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"\u0627\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0639\u0646\u0627\u06cc\u06cc\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u0645\u06cc\u0646\u06cc \u0645\u0637\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0647\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"6 \u062f\u0642\u06cc\u0642\u0647\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" 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